飞出国：澳洲永久居民指的是持有澳洲永久居民签证的人，但是还不是公民身份，澳洲永居居民可以不受限制的在澳洲居住，工作和学习。
An Australian permanent resident is someone who holds a permanent visa but is not a citizen. A permanent resident can live, work and study without restriction in Australia.
澳洲永久居民享有和公民身份一样的大部分权利，但是两种身份还是有一些区别的。
| 权利 | 澳洲公民身份 | 澳洲永久居民身份 |
|---|---|---|
| 出入境澳洲 | 澳洲公民自动享有入境澳洲的权利。A citizen has an automatic right of entry to Australia. | 如果是澳洲永久居民身份，由于持有的不是澳洲护照，出入境澳洲需要持有有效的签证才可以。If a permanent resident chooses to travel internationally they need to ensure they have a permanent visa with a valid travel authority if they wish to return to Australia as a permanent resident. |
| 投票选举 | 澳洲公民享有投票选举权。A citizen can vote in Australian government elections. | 一般情况下，澳洲永久居民身份不享有投票选举权。In most cases permanent residents can’t vote in Australian government elections. However, if a permanent resident was enrolled to vote (as a British subject) prior to 1984, they may remain eligible to vote. |
| 政府服务和福利 | 享有政府服务和福利。Eligibility for government services and benefits depends on the rules set by the relevant government agency responsible for the service or benefit. | 享有政府服务和福利。Eligibility for government services and benefits depends on the rules set by the relevant government agency responsible for the service or benefit. |
如果想获得澳洲永久居民身份，申请人需要满足对应的申请要求，可以通过人道主义，移民或者家庭团聚等渠道来申请。
如果想申请称为澳洲公民，则需要满足以下要求：
- 通过公民入籍测试（除非已过60周岁）
- 在递交公民申请和公民申请要通过的时候，都是永久居民身份
- 满足居住要求
- 愿意且继续居住在澳洲，和澳洲保持紧密的持续的关联
- 品格良好
Generally, those over the age of 18 who apply for Australian citizenship must:
- have passed a citizenship test (unless over the age of 60)
- be a permanent resident at the time of application, and also, at time of decision
- satisfy the residence requirement
- be likely to reside, or to continue to reside, in Australia or to maintain a close and continuing association with Australia
- be of good character.
其中，澳洲永久居民需要在申请入籍之前已经在澳洲居住满四年才可以，具体需要满足：
- 四年居住中至少有一年是作为澳洲永久居民身份居住在澳洲
- 四年内离开澳洲的时间不能超过12个月
- 在申请入籍前的12个月内不能有超过3个月的时间不在澳洲
Any adult who became a permanent resident on or after 1 July 2007 must have been lawfully residing in Australia for four years immediately before applying for Australian citizenship. This includes:
- 12 months as a permanent resident
- absences from Australia of no more than 12 months
- absences from Australia of no more than three months in the 12 months before applying.
对于年满18周岁未满60周岁的澳洲永久居民（未满18周岁，已过60周岁或者有听力，视力和语言残疾的可以不参加），申请入籍需要参加入公民入籍测试，公民入籍测试主要是帮助新公民了解澳洲的价值观，传统，历史和国家象征。
成为澳洲公民后，享有哪些特权呢？
- 居住澳洲 live in Australia
- 申领澳洲护照 apply for an Australian passport and to leave and re-enter Australia without applying for a resident return visa
- 在海外时可以请求澳洲外交使馆的帮助 seek assistance from Australian diplomatic representatives while overseas
- 从事公职岗位 work in the public service
- 可以入伍 serve in the armed forces
- 入籍后，其在海外出生的子女可以通过继承获得澳洲国籍 register as Australian citizens by descent any of your children born overseas after you become an Australian citizen
- 可以竞选议员 stand for Parliament
- 可以投票选举 vote to elect members of Parliament
