飞出国：提到澳洲技工职业移民，大家自然想到的是技工职业需要做TRA职业评估，但是TRA职业评估不仅仅是简单地给TRA机构提交对应申请材料就可以的，在申请之前，申请人需要了解自己是否符合直接递交TRA的申请类别要求，TRA包括TRA本身还有其指定的RTO机构等，评估的类别根据申请人所申请的签证类别不一样也不尽相同，所以了解TRA评估类别非常有必要，否则容易做无用功。
TRA职业评估分类-飞出国
- 根据TRA官方定义，包括以下6类评估：
| 评估类别 | 评估目的 | 适用范围 | 评估结果 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Job Ready Program | 适用于技术移民，且包括用于485签证申请 | 针对在澳洲完成了技工类学历的申请人，评估主要包括四个步骤，评估由TRA自己或者RTO进行评估，申请人在澳洲从事一段时间的技工工作后，RTO会进行能力评估。Former international students who have achieved an AQF qualification in Australia. Skills assessments are conducted in four steps. Some assessments are conducted by TRA and some by contracted RTOs. RTOs assess participants’ ability to participate in the Australian workplace after a period of employment. | 评估结果可以用于移民申请 |
| Offshore Skills Assessment Program | 适用于技术移民，但是不包括485签证和雇主担保签证TSS | 持有特定国家护照的申请人，从事特定的职业，将适用于这个类别。其中，对于从事以下有持牌要求的职业，包括空调制冷技工，电工（一般），电工（特殊）以及管道工（普通），统统需要通过OSAP途径进行职评。Specified list of countries and occupations. All applicants applying for a skills assessment in the following licensed occupations are required to have a skills assessment through the OSAP: Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanic, Electrician (General), Electrician (Special Class) and Plumber (General). Applicants whose occupation is listed in the OSAP nominated occupations can have an OSAP assessment if they can travel to Australia or a nominated country for a skills assessment. | AQF学历证书或者OTSR证书，以及用于移民的评估函Australian Qualification Framework (AQF) qualification or Offshore Technical Skills Record (OTSR) and outcome letter for migration application |
| TRA Migration Skills Assessment Program | 适用于技术移民，但是不包括485签证和雇主担保签证TSS | 申请人的国家，护照以及类别不属于OSAP或者JRP类别，则按照TRA MSA类别申请评估Countries, occupations, or pathways not specified under the Offshore Skills Assessment Program or Job Ready Program. Skills assessments by TRA to assess qualifications and employment against Australian industry standards. | Outcome letter for migration application |
| Migration Points Advice | 用于移民加分参考 | 已通过TRA职业评估，根据其学历及工作履历进行评估，用于移民局打分建议参考Occurs after achievement of successful TRA skills assessment and documents the comparability of overseas qualifications, AQF qualifications and employment for DIBP to award points. | 移民打分参考信 Points Advice Letter |
| TSS Skills Assessment Program | 适用于雇主担保签证TSS Temporary migration under a Temporary Skill Shortage (TSS) visa | 特定的国家及职业，包括一些要求持牌的职业Specified list of countries and occupations. Includes some licensed occupations. | AQF学历证书或者OTSR证书，以及用于移民的评估函AQF qualification or OTSR and outcome letter for migration application |
| Trades Recognition Service (TRS) | 技能认证，不用于移民用途Trade Recognition (not for migration purposes) | 仅用于澳洲境内，适用于特定的汽车，电气以及工程类技工职业，用于技能或者工作经验认定以便用于职业注册或者就业Formal recognition of skills and experience to access occupational licensing and/or for employability in specified automotive, electrical or engineering occupations. Only available in Australia. | AQF学历证书或者OTSR证书AQF qualification or OTSR |
- 飞出国结论：针对我们境外申请技术移民的申请人来说，主要关注以上OSAP和MSA两个类别，其中以下四个职业不论申请人来自哪个国家，都必须通过OSAP进行评估
- Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanic,
- Electrician (General),
- Electrician (Special Class) and
- Plumber (General)
TRA OSAP评估-飞出国
- TRA官方明确规定以下国家护照的申请人提名以下职业需要按照OSAP途径来评估，且需要在对应的RTO机构进行职业评估，职业评估会包括基本文件材料审理，技术面试或者实操面试
| OSAP提名职业 | OSAP提名职业国家 | |
| Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanic [342111] | Applicants in this occupation are required to have an OSAP assessment excluding those applying for a TSS or 485 visa. Assessment centres are available in: Australia, Ireland, South Africa, United Kingdom | |
| Automotive Electrician [321111] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Baker [351111] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Bricklayer [331111] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabw | |
| Cabinetmaker [394111] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Carpenter [331212] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Carpenter and Joiner [331211] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Chef [351311] | Bangladesh*, Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Nepal, Pakistan*, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Cook [351411] | Bangladesh*, Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Nepal, Pakistan*, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Diesel Motor Mechanic [321212] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Electrician (General) [341111] | Applicants in this occupation are required to have an OSAP assessment excluding those applying for a TSS or 485 visa. Assessment centres are available in: Australia, Canada, China, Fiji, India, Ireland, Philippines, South Africa, United Kingdom | |
| Electrician (Special Class) [341112] | Applicants in this occupation are required to have an OSAP assessment excluding those applying for a TSS or 485 visa. Assessment centres are available in: Australia, Canada, China, Fiji, India, Ireland, Philippines, South Africa, United Kingdom | |
| Electronic Equipment Tradesworker [342313] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Fitter (General) [323211] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Fitter and Turner [323212] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Fitter – Welder [323213] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Hairdresser [391111] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Joiner [331213] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Metal Fabricator [322311] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Metal Machinist (First Class) [323214] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Metal Fitters and Machinists (not elsewhere classified) [323299] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Motor Mechanic (General) [321211] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Panelbeater [324111] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Pastrycook [351112] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Plumber (General) [334111] | Applicants in this occupation are required to have an OSAP assessment excluding those applying for a TSS or 485 visa. Assessment centres are available in: Australia, Ireland, South Africa, United Kingdom | |
| Pressure Welder [322312] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Sheetmetal Trades Worker [322211] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Toolmaker [323412] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Vehicle Painter [324311] | China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe | |
| Welder (First Class) [322313] | Brazil, China, Fiji, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Ireland, Macau SAR, Philippines, Republic of Korea, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Zimbabwe |
- 从上表可以看出，以上提名职业的中国申请人都需要通过OSAP途径来做TRA职评，其中很多职业的RTO评估机构可以选择VETASSESS，VET技工类职业评估与我们常说的一般职业评估有所不同，后续飞出国会详细说明。
TRA MSA评估-飞出国
- 根据TRA评估类别，用于移民的职业评估，不属于OSAP评估途径的提名职业，其他职业一般都是由TRA直接评估，属于MSA评估类别
You do not apply for the MSA Program if you are:
- an applicant from a specified country of passport and occupation, which requires a skills assessment under the Offshore Skills Assessment Program.
- applying under one of the following licensed occupations: Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanic, Electrician (General), Electrician (Special Class) and Plumber (General). Please refer to the Offshore Skills Assessment Program
- applying for a 485 visa - Please refer to the Job Ready Program on the TRA Website
- applying for a Temporary Skills Shortage (TSS) visa - please refer to the TSS Skills Assessment Programon the TRA website.
- 根据TRA MSA评估要求，对于中国申请人来说，一般都需要有与提名职业相关的学历，且有相关学历后三年提名职业相关的全职工作经验，近三年内还要有一年与提名职业相关的全职工作经验，才能通过职业评估，与提名职业相关的学历是必须的，不能用职业资格证书或者工作经验替代。MSA评估一般不需要进行技术面试或者实操考试。
飞出国：TRA评估类别繁多且可能会有个别职业调整，不论是MSA评估还是OSAP评估，都有其需要注意和复杂的地方，并没有想象中简单，在正式提交职业评估申请之前，不妨多确认下是否选对了类别和审理机构，比如是提交给TRA，VETASSESS还是其他RTO机构，后续飞出国也会进一步详细说明MSA和OSAP两个类别的具体申请流程和注意事项。
