美国工卡(Employment Authorization Document )类别总结

美国的雇佣授权文件Employment Authorization Document(EAD),也就是常说的工卡,是移民局颁发给非美国公民和永久居民的海外人士,授权其在美国合法工作的证明。

EAD卡上通常会标明类别(Category),由字母+数字(如C33)组成,代表了您的工卡所属类别。

美国工卡大致分为八大类,八大类下有各自的小类,您工卡上标明的类别就是这些小类:

1. 得到庇护者/难民类别(及其配偶和子女)Asylee/Refugee Categories (and their Spouses and Children)

  • (a)(3)难民/Refugee
  • (a)(4)作为难民被假释/Paroled as a Refugee
  • (a)(5)得到庇护者/Asylee (Granted Asylum)
  • (a)(10)被批准暂缓递解出境或驱逐出境者/Granted Withholding of Deportation or Removal
  • (c)(8)等待庇护和暂缓驱逐出境申请人和根据ABC和解协议的庇护申请人/Pending Asylum and Withholding of Removal Applicants and Applicants for Asylum under the ABC Settlement Agreement

2. 国籍类别Nationality Categories

  • (a)(8)密克罗尼西亚、马绍尔群岛或帕劳群岛的公民/Citizen of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, or Palau
  • (a)(11)延缓执行遣返/Deferred Enforced Departure(DED)
  • (a)(12)临时保护状态/Temporary Protected Status(TPS)(TPS申请已通过)
  • (c)(19)临时保护状态/Temporary Protected Status(TPS)(I-821申请还未出结果,但是初步证明有资格申请TPS)
  • (c)(10)依据尼加拉瓜和中美洲救济法案(NACARA)第203条有资格向USCIS申请NACARA救济的申请人/Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) Section 203 Applicants Who Are Eligible to Apply for NACARA Relief With USCIS
  • (c)(2)台北经济文化代表处雇员(E-1)的配偶或未婚子女/Dependent of TECRO E-1 Nonimmigrant

3. 外国留学生类别Foreign Students Categories

  • F-1 学生在与主修领域直接相关的职位上寻求毕业实习 (OPT)
    • (c)(3)(A)Pre-Completion OPT:指的是持有F-1签证的学生在修满一学年之后可以申请Pre-completion OPT。申请Pre-completion OPT的学生在上课期间只能兼职工作(每周不超过20小时),假期可全职工作。
    • (c)(3)(B)Post-Completion OPT:指的是持有F-1签证的学生完成学业后可以申请Post-completion OPT。申请Post-completion OPT的学生既可以选择兼职(每周不超过20小时),也可以选择全职工作。
    • (c)(3)(C)STEM 学生OPT 24个月延期/24-Month Extension for STEM Students (Students With a Degree in Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics):普通专业的OPT只有12个月,STEM专业的学生可以申请24个月的延期,也就是总共能有36个月的OPT。
    • (c)(3)(ii)F-1学生在校外为符合条件的国际组织工作/F-1 Student Offered Off-Campus Employment Under the Sponsorship of a Qualifying International Organization
    • (c)(3)(iii)由于严重经济困难而寻求校外工作的 F-1 学生/ F-1 Student Seeking Off-Campus Employment Due to Severe Economic Hardship
    • (c)(5)交流访问学者的配偶或未成年子女(J-2)/J-2 Spouse or Minor Child of an Exchange Visitor
    • (c)(6)完成学业的M-1(高职学生)寻求毕业实习/M-1 Student Seeking Post-Completion OPT After Completing Studies

4. 外交使团、国际组织或北大西洋公约组织雇员的合格家属类别 Categories for Eligible Dependents of Employees of Diplomatic Missions, International Organizations, or NATO

  • (c)(1)A-1或A-2外国政府官员配偶或子女 /Dependent of A-1 or A-2 Foreign Government Officials
  • (c)(4)G-1, G-3或 G-4 非移民的配偶或子女/Dependent of G-1, G-3, or G-4 Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(7)北大西洋公约组织雇员的配偶或子女/Dependent of NATO-1 Through NATO-6

5. 非移民职业类别Employment-Based Nonimmigrant Categories

  • (c)(17)(i)属于非移民雇主的私人或家庭佣工的B-1非移民/B-1 Nonimmigrant Who Is the Personal or Domestic Servant of a Nonimmigrant Employer
  • (c)(17)(ii)属于美国公民家庭佣工的B-1非移民/B-1 Nonimmigrant Domestic Servant of a U.S. Citizen
  • (c)(17)(iii)外国航空公司雇佣的B-1非移民/B-1 Nonimmigrant Employed by a Foreign Airline
  • (a)(17)贸易协议国贸易人员(E-1)、贸易协议国投资人(E-2)或者来自澳大利亚的专业人才(E-3)的配偶/Spouse of an E-1 Treaty Trader, E-2 Treaty Investor, or E-3 Specialty Occupation Professional from Australia
  • (a)(18)跨国公司内部被调任者(L-1)的配偶/Spouse of an L-1 Intracompany Transferee
  • (c)(12)E-2 北马里亚纳群岛联邦(CNMI)投资者的配偶/Spouse of an E-2 Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Investor
  • (c)(26)H-1B非移民的配偶/Spouse of an H-1B Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(35)面临令人信服的情况的已批准的职业移民申请的主要受益人/Principal Beneficiary of an Approved Employment-Based Immigrant Petition Facing Compelling Circumstances
  • (c)(36)已批准的职业移民申请的主要受益人的配偶或未婚子女/Spouse or Unmarried Child of a Principal Beneficiary of an Approved Employment-Based Immigrant Petition

6. 非移民家庭类别Family-Based Nonimmigrant Categories

  • (a)(6)美国公民的 K-1 非移民未婚夫(妻)或 K-2 受抚养人/K-1 Nonimmigrant Fiancé(e) of U.S. Citizen or K-2 Dependent
  • (a)(9)美国公民在海外结婚的配偶(K-3)或K-3持有人的子女(K-4)/K-3 Nonimmigrant Spouse of U.S. Citizen or K-4 Dependent
  • (a)(13)家庭团聚项目/Family Unity Program

无论是第一次申请还是延长家庭团聚福利,都需要填写提交I-817表格。一旦I-817表格被批准后,申请人会同时拿到EAD工卡,从而不再需要再递交I-765表格了。

  • (a)(14)LIFE 家庭团聚/LIFE Family Unity
  • (a)(15)绿卡持有人的配偶(V1),未婚未成年子女(V2)或者配偶的子女(V3)/V-1, V-2, or V-3 Nonimmigrant

7. 身份调整类别Adjustment of Status Categories

  • (c)(9)依据第245条的身份调整申请人/Adjustment Applicant under Section 245
  • (c)(16)从1972年1月起基于连续居住的注册申请人/Registry Applicant Based on Continuous Residence Since January 1, 1972
  • 国家利益豁免医师更新EAD/Renewal EAD for National Interest Waiver Physicians

8. 其他类别Other Categories

  • (a)(2)根据INA第245A或210条使临时居民合法化/Legalization Temporary Resident Pursuant to INA Sections 245A or 210
  • (a)(7)N-8或N-9非移民/N-8 or N-9 Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(10)申请取消驱逐出境/Applicant for Cancellation of Removal
  • (c)(20)根据INA第210条申请合法化/Applicant for Legalization Pursuant to INA Section 210
  • (c)(22)根据INA第245A条申请合法化/Applicant for Legalization Pursuant to INA Section 245A
  • (c)(11)假释/Parole
  • (c)(14)暂缓遣返/Deferred Action
  • (c)(33)童年入境暂缓递解/Consideration of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals

Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals,缩写DACA,童年入境暂缓递解,该政策容许若干在入境美国时尚不满16周岁的非法移民申请可续期的两年暂缓遣返,并容许他们申请EAD。DACA下的暂缓递解并不授予个人法律地位,并且可以随时终止,无论是否有终止意向通知,由国土安全部自行决定。

  • (c)(18)驱逐出境或驱逐的最终命令,包括根据《禁止酷刑公约》推迟驱逐/Final Order of Deportation or Removal, including Deferral of Removal under the Convention Against Torture
  • (c)(24)LIFE 合法化申请人/LIFE Legalization Applicant
  • (a)(16)T-1非移民/T-1 Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(25)T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5或T-6非移民/T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5, or T-6 Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(9)T非移民身份调整/T Nonimmigrant Adjustment of Status
  • (a)(19)刑事罪行的受害者(U-1)/U-1 Nonimmigrant
  • (a)(20)刑事罪行受害者的配偶(U-2),子女(U-3),未满21岁U-1持有人的父母(U- 4),或者是未满21岁U-1 持有人的未满18岁的未婚兄弟姐妹(U-5)/U-2, U-3, U-4, or U-5
  • (c)(9)U非移民身份调整/U Nonimmigrant Adjustment of Status
  • (c)(31)女性暴力防止法案(VAWA)自己提交申请的申请人/VAWA Self-Petitioners

Violence Against Women Act, 缩写VAWA,女性暴力防止法案,这是一项美国联邦法案,由克林顿总统在1994年9月13日签订。此法案拨款16亿美金,主要是为了投入调查以及保护那些受到暴力伤害的女性。根据 VAWA,某些受虐待的移民(如美国公民或合法永久居民的配偶和子女)可以自己申请永久居留以寻求庇护从而远离将是他们移民担保人的施虐者。

  • (c)(14)A-3 或 G-5 非移民/A-3 or G-5 Nonimmigrant
  • (c)(37)申请北马里亚纳群岛联邦(CNMI)长期居民身份/Applicant for Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Long-Term Resident Status
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