NOC 41100 法官 | Judges
加拿大 NOC 41100 法官（Judges）属于TEER 1 级的专业职业，负责审理民事和刑事案件并在法院中执行法律。他们主持联邦和省级法院。
| NOC | NOC 2021 最新版本 |
|---|---|
 职业名称 |
法官 Judges |
 NOC 代码 |
41100 |
 TEER 等级 |
Level 1 |
 职业分类 |
教育、法律和社会、社区及政府服务职业（4）- 法律、教育、社会、社区和政府服务专业职业（41）- 法律专业职业（4110） |
职业概述 | Occupational Overview
法官（Judges）审理民事（civil）和刑事案件（criminal cases）并在法院（courts of law）中执行法律。法官主持联邦（federal）和省级（provincial）法院。
示例职位（10个）| Example Titles (10 titles)
- 首席法官 | Chief justice
- 县法院法官 | County court judge
- 女王法庭法官 | Court of Queen’s Bench justice
- 地方法院法官 | District court judge
- 家庭法院法官 | Family court judge
- 联邦审判法庭法官 | Federal trial court justice
- 省级上诉法院法官 | Provincial court of appeal justice
- 小额索赔法院法官 | Small claims court judge
- 高级法院法官 | Superior court justice
- 最高法院法官 | Supreme Court justice
主要职责 | Main Duties
- 主持法庭（courts of law），解释和执行程序规则（rules of procedure）并就证据可采性（admissibility of evidence）作出裁决（rulings）。
- 指导陪审团（jury）了解适用于案件的法律。
- 在非陪审团审判（non-jury trials）中权衡和考虑证据（evidence），并决定被告（accused）或被告人（defendant）的法律有罪（legal guilt）或无罪或责任程度（degree of liability）。
- 在刑事案件中对被定罪的人判处刑罚（pass sentence），并在民事案件中确定损害赔偿（damages）或其他适当补救措施（appropriate remedy）。
- 准予离婚（Grant divorces）并分割配偶之间的资产。
- 确定争议父母和其他监护人（guardians）之间的子女监护权（custody of children）。
- 执行法院关于探视权（access）或赡养费（support）的命令。
- 监督其他法官和法院官员。
从业要求 | Employment Requirements
- 通常需要作为律师（lawyer）或法学教授（professor of law）的丰富经验，具有律师协会（bar association）的连续会员资格。
- 需要具有省级或地区法律协会（law society）或律师协会的良好会员资格。
- 法官由联邦或省级内阁（cabinets）任命。
- 被任命到法院更高级职位（如首席法官）的人通常具有在该法院担任法官的经验。
附加信息 | Additional Information
- 法官可以专攻特定领域的法律，如民事、刑事或家庭法。
所有职位（31个）| All Titles (31 titles)
- 行政法官 | Administrative judge
- 上诉法院法官 | Appellate court judge
- 副首席法官 | Associate chief justice
- 首席法官 | Chief justice
- 县法院法官 | County court judge
- 县法官 | County judge
- 女王法庭法官 | Court of Queen’s Bench justice
- 副法官 | Deputy justice
- 地区和代理法院法官 | District and surrogate court judge
- 地方法院法官 | District court judge
- 家庭法院法官 | Family court judge
- 联邦法院法官 | Federal court justice
- 联邦法院法官 - 审判庭 | Federal court justice - trial division
- 联邦上诉法院法官 | Federal Court of Appeal justice
- 联邦审判法庭法官 | Federal trial court justice
- 法官 - 法律 | Judge - law
- 法官 | Justice
- 少年法院法官 | Juvenile court judge
- 治安法院法官 | Magistrate court judge
- 遗嘱认证法院法官 | Probate court judge
- 省级法院法官 | Provincial court judge
- 省级上诉法院法官 | Provincial court of appeal justice
- 省级最高法院法官 | Provincial supreme court justice
- 初级法官 | Puisne judge
- 小额索赔法院法官 | Small claims court judge
- 高级法院法官 | Superior court justice
- 最高法院法官 | Supreme Court justice
- 加拿大最高法院法官 | Supreme Court of Canada justice
- 税务法院法官 | Tax Court judge
- 审判法庭法官 | Trial court judge
- 青少年法院法官 | Youth court judge
排除职业 | Exclusions
- 行政法庭法官 - 政府服务 (in 40010 政府管理者 - 健康和社会政策制定及项目管理 | Government managers - health and social policy development and program administration)
- 和平法官；公民法官 (in 42200 法律助理及相关职业 | Paralegals and related occupations)
Canada National Occupational Classification (NOC)
Code: 41100
Title: Judges
Type: Unit Group
Level: 5
Occupational Overview
Judges adjudicate civil and criminal cases and administer justice in courts of law. Judges preside over federal and provincial courts.
Example Titles (10 titles)
- Chief justice
- County court judge
- Court of Queen’s Bench justice
- District court judge
- Family court judge
- Federal trial court justice
- Provincial court of appeal justice
- Small claims court judge
- Superior court justice
- Supreme Court justice
Main Duties
- Preside over courts of law, interpret and enforce rules of procedure and make rulings regarding the admissibility of evidence
- Instruct the jury on laws that are applicable to the case
- Weigh and consider evidence in non-jury trials and decide legal guilt or innocence or degree of liability of the accused or defendant
- Pass sentence on persons convicted in criminal cases and determine damages or other appropriate remedy in civil cases
- Grant divorces and divide assets between spouses
- Determine custody of children between contesting parents and other guardians
- Enforce court orders for access or support
- Supervise other judges and court officers.
Employment Requirements
- Extensive experience as a lawyer or as a professor of law with continuous membership in the bar association is usually required.
- Membership in good standing with a provincial or territorial law society or bar association is required.
- Judges are appointed by federal or provincial cabinets.
- Those appointed to more senior positions in a court, such as chief justice, usually have experience as judges in that court.
Additional Information
- Judges may specialize in particular areas of law such as civil, criminal or family law.
All Titles (31 titles)
- Administrative judge
- Appellate court judge
- Associate chief justice
- Chief justice
- County court judge
- County judge
- Court of Queen’s Bench justice
- Deputy justice
- District and surrogate court judge
- District court judge
- Family court judge
- Federal court justice
- Federal court justice - trial division
- Federal Court of Appeal justice
- Federal trial court justice
- Judge - law
- Justice
- Juvenile court judge
- Magistrate court judge
- Probate court judge
- Provincial court judge
- Provincial court of appeal justice
- Provincial supreme court justice
- Puisne judge
- Small claims court judge
- Superior court justice
- Supreme Court justice
- Supreme Court of Canada justice
- Tax Court judge
- Trial court judge
- Youth court judge
Exclusions
- Administrative tribunal judge - government services (in40010 Government managers - health and social policy development and program administration)
- Justice of the peace; Citizenship judge (in42200 Paralegals and related occupations)
Occupational Classification Breakdown
| Classification Level | Category |
|---|---|
| Broad occupational category | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services |
| TEER | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| Major group | 41 – Professional occupations in law, education, social, community and government services |
| Sub-major group | 411 – Professional occupations in law |
| Minor group | 4110 – Judges, lawyers and Quebec notaries |
| Version | NOC 2021 Version 1.0 |