21102 地球科学家和海洋学家 Geoscientists and oceanographers-FLYabroad NOC 2021

lina.C · 2022 年11 月 28 日 09:12

noc_code: “21102”
noc_version: “2021.0”
translation_mode: “basic”
title_en: “Geoscientists and oceanographers”
title_zh: “地球科学家和海洋学家”
official_url: “https://noc.esdc.gc.ca/Structure/NOCProfile?GocTemplateCulture=en-CA&code=21102&version=2021.0”
description: “Complete NOC profile for Geoscientists and oceanographers (NOC 21102) in basic translation mode - 100% faithful to official data, bilingual Chinese-English, enhanced with emojis for better readability. Contains occupation definition, job titles, main duties, employment requirements and TEER category system. No salary or employment inference included in basic mode.”
keywords:

NOC 21102
21102 Geoscientists and oceanographers
21102 地球科学家和海洋学家
21102 NOC 2021
tags:
noc-2
teer-1
basic-mode

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家 | Geoscientists and oceanographers

关键信息速览 | Key Information

NOC 项目	内容
NOC 代码	`21102`

职业概述

Geoscientists include geologists, geochemists and geophysicists who conduct programs of exploration and research to extend knowledge of the structure, composition and processes of the earth, to locate, identify and extract hydrocarbon, mineral and groundwater resources and to assess and mitigate the effects of development and waste disposal projects on the environment. Oceanographers conduct programs of exploration and research on ocean processes and phenomena, biological, chemical and physical characteristics of oceans, interactions with atmospheric and geological environments and impacts of human activity on oceans and marine ecosystems. Geoscientists are employed by petroleum and mining companies, consulting geology, geophysics and engineering firms and by governments and educational institutions, or they may be self-employed. Oceanographers are employed by governments, educational institutions and private companies engaged in exploration of seafloor deposits and seafarming areas, or they may be self-employed.

📍 职业层级 | Occupational Hierarchy

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家在 NOC 2021 分类体系中的位置：

2 自然和应用科学及相关职业
  └── 21 自然和应用科学专业职业
      └── 211 自然科学专业职业
          └── 2110 物理科学专业人员
              └── 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家 ⭐ 您在这里

📖 职业定义 | Definition

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家地球科学家 (Geoscientists) 包括地质学家 (geologists)、地球化学家 (geochemists) 和地球物理学家 (geophysicists)，他们执行 (conduct) 勘探 (exploration) 和研究计划 (research programs)，以扩展 (extend) 地球的结构 (structure)、组成 (composition) 和过程 (processes) 的知识，以定位 (locate)、识别 (identify) 和提取 (extract) 油气 (hydrocarbon)、矿物 (mineral) 和地下水资源 (groundwater resources)，并评估 (assess) 和缓解 (mitigate) 开发 (development) 和废物处置项目 (waste disposal projects) 对环境 (environment) 的影响。海洋学家 (Oceanographers) 执行 (conduct) 海洋过程 (ocean processes) 和现象 (phenomena)、海洋的生物 (biological)、化学 (chemical) 和物理特性 (physical characteristics)、与大气 (atmospheric) 和地质环境 (geological environments) 的相互作用 (interactions) 以及人类活动 (human activity) 对海洋和海洋生态系统 (oceans and marine ecosystems) 的影响的研究和勘探计划。地球科学家受雇于 (are employed by) 石油和采矿公司 (petroleum and mining companies)、咨询地质 (consulting geology)、地球物理 (geophysics) 和工程公司 (engineering firms)，以及政府 (governments) 和教育机构 (educational institutions)，或者他们可能是个体经营者 (self-employed)。海洋学家受雇于 (are employed by) 政府 (governments)、教育机构 (educational institutions) 和从事海底沉积物 (seafloor deposits) 和海洋养殖区 (seafarming areas) 勘探的私营公司 (private companies)，或者他们可能是个体经营者 (self-employed)。

📄 **NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家** 英文原文 | View Original English Definition

Geoscientists include geologists, geochemists and geophysicists who conduct programs of exploration and research to extend knowledge of the structure, composition and processes of the earth, to locate, identify and extract hydrocarbon, mineral and groundwater resources and to assess and mitigate the effects of development and waste disposal projects on the environment. Oceanographers conduct programs of exploration and research on ocean processes and phenomena, biological, chemical and physical characteristics of oceans, interactions with atmospheric and geological environments and impacts of human activity on oceans and marine ecosystems. Geoscientists are employed by petroleum and mining companies, consulting geology, geophysics and engineering firms and by governments and educational institutions, or they may be self-employed. Oceanographers are employed by governments, educational institutions and private companies engaged in exploration of seafloor deposits and seafarming areas, or they may be self-employed.

💼 职位名称示例 | Illustrative Examples

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家职业的常见职位名称包括：

开发地质学家 (Development geologist)
环境地质学家 (Environmental geologist)
勘探地质学家 (Exploration geologist)
地球化学家 (Geochemist)
地质学家 (Geologist)
地球物理学家 (Geophysicist)
冰川学家 (Glaciologist)
地下水地质学家 (Groundwater geologist)
水文地质学家 (Hydrogeologist)
水文学家 (Hydrologist)
矿山地质学家 (Mine geologist)
矿物学家 (Mineralogist)
海洋学家 (Oceanographer)
古生物学家 (Paleontologist)
石油地质学家 (Petroleum geologist)
岩石学家 (Petrologist)
沉积学家 (Sedimentologist)
震动学家 (Seismologist)
地层学家 (Stratigrapher)

📋 **NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家** 完整职位名称索引 | Complete Index of Titles

完整职位名称索引 | Complete Index of Titles

生物海洋学家 (Biological oceanographer)
生物地层学家 (Biostratigrapher)
化学海洋学家 (Chemical oceanographer)
煤炭地质学家 (Coal geologist)
咨询地质学家 (Consulting geologist)
咨询地球物理学家 (Consulting geophysicist)
开发地质学家 (Development geologist)
环境地质学家 (Environmental geologist)
勘探地质学家 (Exploration geologist)
勘探地球物理学家 (Exploration geophysicist)
渔业海洋学家 (Fisheries oceanographer)
地球化学家 (Geochemist)
大地测量学家 (Geodesist)
地质海洋学家 (Geological oceanographer)
地质学家 (Geologist)
地貌学家 (Geomorphologist)
地球物理学家 (Geophysicist)
冰川学家 (Glaciologist)
地下水地质学家 (Groundwater geologist)
水文地质学家 (Hydrogeologist)
水文测量员 - 地质 (Hydrographic surveyor - geology)
水文学家 (Hydrologist)
冰雪专家 - 海洋学 (Ice specialist - oceanography)
海洋地质学家 (Marine geologist)
海洋地球物理学家 (Marine geophysicist)
微古生物学家 (Micropaleontologist)
矿山地质学家 (Mine geologist)
矿物学家 (Mineralogist)
采矿地质学家 (Mining geologist)
海洋学家 (Oceanographer)
石油地质学家 (Oil geologist)
古植物学家 (Paleobotanist)
古生态学家 (Paleoecologist)
古生物学家 (Paleontologist)
孢粉学家 (Palynologist)
岩石学家 (Petrographer)
石油地质学家 (Petroleum geologist)
岩石学家 (Petrologist)
岩石物理学家 (Petrophysicist)
摄影地质学家 (Photogeologist)
物理海洋学家 (Physical oceanographer)
砂矿地质学家 (Placer geologist)
勘探地质学家 (Prospecting geologist)
第四纪地质学家 (Quaternarist)
第四纪科学家 (Quaternary scientist)
第四纪专家 (Quaternary specialist)
遥感地质学家 (Remote sensing geologist)
沉积地质学家 (Sedimentary geologist)
沉积学家 (Sedimentologist)
地震学家 (Seismologist)
地层学家 (Stratigrapher)
构造地质学家 (Structural geologist)
火山学家 (Volcanologist)
井场协调员 - 地质 (Wellsite coordinator - geology)

📋 主要职责 | Main Duties

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家执行以下部分或全部职责 (performs some or all of the following duties)：

地球科学家
- 进行 (Conduct) 理论 (theoretical) 和应用研究 (applied research)，以扩展 (extend) 地球表面 (surface) 和地下特征 (subsurface features)、其历史 (history) 以及控制其演化 (control its evolution) 的物理 (physical)、化学 (chemical) 和生物系统 (biological systems) 运作的知识 (knowledge)。
- 计划 (Plan)、指导 (direct) 和参与 (participate in) 地质 (geological)、地球化学 (geochemical) 和地球物理 (geophysical) 现场研究 (field studies)、钻探 (drilling) 和地质测试计划 (geological testing programs)。
- 计划 (Plan) 和执行 (conduct) 地震 (seismic)、大地测量 (geodetic)、电磁 (electromagnetic)、磁 (magnetic)、重力 (gravimetric)、辐射 (radiometric)、雷达 (radar) 和其他遥感计划 (other remote sensing programs)。
- 计划 (Plan)、指导 (direct) 和参与 (participate in) 地质 (geological)、地球化学 (geochemical) 和地球物理勘探数据 (geophysical survey data)、测井数据 (well logs) 和其他测试结果 (other test results)、地图 (maps)、笔记 (notes) 和横截面 (cross sections) 的分析 (analyses)。
- 开发 (Develop) 用于数据 (data) 分析 (analysis) 和解释 (interpretation) 的模型 (models) 和应用软件 (applied software)。
- 计划 (Plan) 和执行 (conduct) 岩心样本 (core samples)、钻屑 (drill cuttings) 和岩石样本 (rock samples) 的分析研究 (analytical studies)，以识别 (identify) 化学 (chemical)、矿物 (mineral)、油气 (hydrocarbon) 和生物组成 (biological composition)，并评估 (assess) 沉积环境 (depositional environments) 和地质年龄 (geological age)。
- 评估 (Assess) 矿石 (mineral ore bodies) 和油气 (hydrocarbon deposits) 矿体 (ore bodies) 和油气藏 (hydrocarbon deposits) 的大小 (size)、方向 (orientation) 和组成 (composition)。
- 识别 (Identify) 建筑材料 (construction materials) 矿床，并确定 (determine) 其特性 (characteristics) 和是否适合用作混凝土骨料 (concrete aggregates)、路基填充物 (road fill) 或其他应用 (other applications)。
- 为区域开发 (regional development) 进行地质 (geological) 和地球物理研究 (geophysical studies)，并在选址 (site selection)、废物管理 (waste management) 和污染场地修复 (restoration of contaminated sites) 等领域提供建议 (advise in areas)。
- 建议 (Recommend) 土地获取 (acquisition of lands)、勘探 (exploration) 和测绘计划 (mapping programs) 以及矿山开发 (mine development)。
- 识别 (Identify) 并就 (advise on) 预期自然风险 (anticipated natural risks)，例如坡度侵蚀 (slope erosion)、滑坡 (landslides)、土壤不稳定性 (soil instability)、地面沉降 (subsidence)、地震 (earthquakes) 和火山爆发 (volcanic eruptions) 提供建议。
- 可 (May) 监督 (supervise) 和协调 (coordinate) 钻井 (well drilling)、完井 (completion) 和修井作业 (work-overs) 以及采矿活动 (mining activities)。
海洋学家
- 执行 (Conduct) 理论 (theoretical) 和应用海洋学研究 (applied oceanographic research programs) 和考察 (expeditions)，以扩展 (extend) 海洋的物理 (physical)、化学 (chemical) 和生物特性 (biological properties) 和功能 (functioning) 的知识。
- 计划 (Plan)、指导 (direct) 和参与 (participate in) 海水 (seawater)、浮游生物 (plankton)、鱼类 (fish)、沉积物 (sediments) 和岩石 (rocks) 的采样 (sampling) 和分析 (analysis)。
- 研究 (Study) 海洋的物理特性 (physical properties of oceans)，以开发 (develop) 海洋条件 (ocean conditions) 的模型 (models)、图表 (charts) 和计算机模拟 (computer simulations)，例如潮汐 (tides)、波浪 (waves)、洋流 (currents) 和沉积物输送 (sediment transport)。
- 探索 (Explore) 海底 (ocean floor) 和海底地质结构 (submarine geological structures)，进行 (conduct) 地震勘探 (seismic surveys)，并研究 (study) 海洋盆地 (ocean basins) 和其他结构 (other structures) 的形成，以绘制 (map) 海底 (ocean floor)、海岸侵蚀 (coastal erosion)、沉积物堆积 (sediment accumulation) 和近海油气勘探区域 (areas for offshore oil and gas exploration)。
- 计划 (Plan) 和执行 (conduct) 海洋化学特性 (ocean chemical properties) 和过程 (processes)、海底 (ocean floor) 和海洋大气 (marine atmosphere) 以及海底火山 (undersea volcanoes) 的调查 (investigations)，以研究 (study) 环境变化的影响 (impacts of environmental changes)。
- 研究 (Study) 海洋生物 (marine life) 与物理 (physical) 和化学环境 (chemical environments) 的相互作用 (interaction)，以评估 (assess) 污染物 (pollutants) 对海洋生态 (marine ecology) 的影响，并开发 (develop) 基于生态的海洋养殖方法 (ecologically-based methods of seafarming)。

📄 **NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家** 英文原文 | View Original English Main Duties

This group performs some or all of the following duties:

Geoscientists
Conduct theoretical and applied research to extend knowledge of surface and subsurface features of the earth, its history and the operation of physical, chemical and biological systems that control its evolutionPlan, direct and participate in geological, geochemical and geophysical field studies, drilling and geological testing programsPlan and conduct seismic, geodetic, electromagnetic, magnetic, gravimetric, radiometric, radar and other remote sensing programsPlan, direct and participate in analyses of geological, geochemical and geophysical survey data, well logs and other test results, maps, notes and cross sectionsDevelop models and applied software for the analysis and interpretation of dataPlan and conduct analytical studies of core samples, drill cuttings and rock samples to identify chemical, mineral, hydrocarbon and biological composition and to assess depositional environments and geological ageAssess the size, orientation and composition of mineral ore bodies and hydrocarbon depositsIdentify deposits of construction materials and determine their characteristics and suitability for use as concrete aggregates, road fill or for other applicationsConduct geological and geophysical studies for regional development and advise in areas such as site selection, waste management and restoration of contaminated sitesRecommend the acquisition of lands, exploration and mapping programs and mine developmentIdentify and advise on anticipated natural risks such as slope erosion, landslides, soil instability, subsidence, earthquakes and volcanic eruptionsMay supervise and coordinate well drilling, completion and work-overs and mining activities.OceanographersConduct theoretical and applied oceanographic research programs and expeditions to extend knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological properties and functioning of oceansPlan, direct and participate in sampling and analysis of seawater, plankton, fish, sediments and rocksStudy physical properties of oceans to develop models, charts and computer simulations of ocean conditions, such as tides, waves, currents and sediment transportExplore ocean floor and submarine geological structures, conduct seismic surveys and study formation of ocean basins and other structures to map ocean floor, coastal erosion, sediment accumulation and areas for offshore oil and gas explorationPlan and conduct investigations on ocean chemical properties and processes, ocean floor and marine atmosphere and undersea volcanoes to study impacts of environmental changesStudy marine life and interaction with physical and chemical environments to assess impacts of pollutants on marine ecology and to develop ecologically-based methods of seafarming.",
Conduct theoretical and applied research to extend knowledge of surface and subsurface features of the earth, its history and the operation of physical, chemical and biological systems that control its evolution
Plan, direct and participate in geological, geochemical and geophysical field studies, drilling and geological testing programs
Plan and conduct seismic, geodetic, electromagnetic, magnetic, gravimetric, radiometric, radar and other remote sensing programs
Plan, direct and participate in analyses of geological, geochemical and geophysical survey data, well logs and other test results, maps, notes and cross sections
Develop models and applied software for the analysis and interpretation of data
Plan and conduct analytical studies of core samples, drill cuttings and rock samples to identify chemical, mineral, hydrocarbon and biological composition and to assess depositional environments and geological age
Assess the size, orientation and composition of mineral ore bodies and hydrocarbon deposits
Identify deposits of construction materials and determine their characteristics and suitability for use as concrete aggregates, road fill or for other applications
Conduct geological and geophysical studies for regional development and advise in areas such as site selection, waste management and restoration of contaminated sites
Recommend the acquisition of lands, exploration and mapping programs and mine development
Identify and advise on anticipated natural risks such as slope erosion, landslides, soil instability, subsidence, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
May supervise and coordinate well drilling, completion and work-overs and mining activities.
Oceanographers
Conduct theoretical and applied oceanographic research programs and expeditions to extend knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological properties and functioning of oceansPlan, direct and participate in sampling and analysis of seawater, plankton, fish, sediments and rocksStudy physical properties of oceans to develop models, charts and computer simulations of ocean conditions, such as tides, waves, currents and sediment transportExplore ocean floor and submarine geological structures, conduct seismic surveys and study formation of ocean basins and other structures to map ocean floor, coastal erosion, sediment accumulation and areas for offshore oil and gas explorationPlan and conduct investigations on ocean chemical properties and processes, ocean floor and marine atmosphere and undersea volcanoes to study impacts of environmental changesStudy marine life and interaction with physical and chemical environments to assess impacts of pollutants on marine ecology and to develop ecologically-based methods of seafarming.",
Conduct theoretical and applied oceanographic research programs and expeditions to extend knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological properties and functioning of oceans
Plan, direct and participate in sampling and analysis of seawater, plankton, fish, sediments and rocks
Study physical properties of oceans to develop models, charts and computer simulations of ocean conditions, such as tides, waves, currents and sediment transport
Explore ocean floor and submarine geological structures, conduct seismic surveys and study formation of ocean basins and other structures to map ocean floor, coastal erosion, sediment accumulation and areas for offshore oil and gas exploration
Plan and conduct investigations on ocean chemical properties and processes, ocean floor and marine atmosphere and undersea volcanoes to study impacts of environmental changes
Study marine life and interaction with physical and chemical environments to assess impacts of pollutants on marine ecology and to develop ecologically-based methods of seafarming.

🎓 任职要求 | Employment Requirements

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家任职必备条件：

📚 学历要求 | Educational Requirements

地球科学家：

地球科学家需要 (require) 地质学 (geology)、地球化学 (geochemistry)、地球物理学 (geophysics) 或相关学科 (related discipline) 的大学学位 (university degree)。
作为地球物理学家 (geophysicist) 可能需要 (may be required) 地球物理学 (geophysics)、物理学 (physics)、数学 (mathematics) 或工程学 (engineering) 的硕士 (master’s) 或博士学位 (doctoral degree)。

海洋学家：

海洋学家需要 (require) 科学 (science)、数学 (mathematics)、统计学 (statistics) 或工程学 (engineering) 的大学学位 (university degree)，并且通常需要 (usually require) 海洋学研究生学位 (graduate degree in oceanography)。

对应加拿大学历框架：TEER 1（大学学位职业，通常需要学士、硕士或博士学位）

🏅 注册 | Registration

通常需要以下注册：

省级或地区 (provincial or territorial) 专业工程师 (professional engineers)、地质学家 (geologists)、地球物理学家 (geophysicists) 或地球科学家 (geoscientists) 协会的注册 (Registration) 通常是 (usually required for employment and is mandatory) 就业所必需的，并且在除爱德华王子岛 (Prince Edward Island) 和育空地区 (Yukon) 外的所有省份和地区 (in all provinces and territories) 都是强制性的。
地质学家 (Geologists) 和地球物理学家 (geophysicists) 在 (following) 经认可的教育计划 (an accredited educational program) 毕业 (graduation) 后 (and after) 几年 (several years of) 监督工作经验 (supervised work experience) 后 (and, in some provinces, after passing a professional practice examination) 有资格注册，在某些省份，还需要通过专业实践考试。

📄 **NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家** 英文原文 | View Original English Employment Requirements

Geoscientists require a university degree in geology, geochemistry, geophysics or a related discipline.
A master’s or doctoral degree in geophysics, physics, mathematics or engineering may be required for employment as a geophysicist.
Registration with a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers, geologists, geophysicists or geoscientists is usually required for employment and is mandatory to practice in all provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island and the Yukon.
Geologists and geophysicists are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program and after several years of supervised work experience and, in some provinces, after passing a professional practice examination.
Oceanographers require a university degree in science, mathematics, statistics or engineering and usually require a graduate degree in oceanography.

💡 附加信息 | Additional Information

✨ 专业领域和流动性 | Specializations and Mobility

采矿 (mining)、石油 (petroleum) 和其他行业 (other industries) 的管理职位 (management positions) 的晋升 (Advancement) 随着经验的积累 (with experience) 是可能 (possible)。
地球化学家 (Geochemists) 可以专攻 (may specialize in) 分析地球化学 (analytical geochemistry)、水文地球化学 (hydrogeochemistry)、矿物或石油地球化学 (mineral or petroleum geochemistry) 或其他领域 (other fields)。
地质学家 (Geologists) 可以专攻 (may specialize in) 煤地质学 (coal geology)、环境地质学 (environmental geology)、地质年代学 (geochronology)、水文地质学 (hydrogeology)、矿床 (mineral deposits) 或采矿 (mining)、石油地质学 (petroleum geology)、地层学 (stratigraphy)、构造学 (tectonics)、火山学 (volcanology) 或其他领域 (other fields)。
地球物理学家 (Geophysicists) 可以专攻 (may specialize in) 石油地质学 (petroleum geology)、地球物理学 (earth physics)、大地测量学 (geodesy)、地电磁学 (geoelectromagnetism)、地震学 (seismology) 或其他领域 (other fields)。
本组中专业化之间的流动性 (Mobility between specializations in this group) 随着经验的积累 (with experience) 是可能 (possible)。
海洋学家 (Oceanographers) 可以专攻 (may specialize in) 生物 (biological)、化学 (chemical)、地质 (geological) 或物理海洋学 (physical oceanography)，或 (or) 与海洋研究 (study of oceans) 相关的其他领域 (other fields)。
本单元组中 (in this unit group) 随着经验的积累 (with experience)，有可能晋升 (Progression is possible) 到监督或更高级别的职位 (supervisory or higher level positions)。

📄 **NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家** 英文原文 | View Original English Additional Information

Advancement to management positions in mining, petroleum and other industries is possible with experience.
Geochemists may specialize in analytical geochemistry, hydrogeochemistry, mineral or petroleum geochemistry or in other fields.
Geologists may specialize in fields such as coal geology, environmental geology, geochronology, hydrogeology, mineral deposits or mining, petroleum geology, stratigraphy, tectonics, volcanology or in other fields.
Geophysicists may specialize in areas, such as petroleum geology, earth physics, geodesy, geoelectromagnetism, seismology or in other fields.
Mobility between specializations in this group is possible with experience.
Oceanographers may specialize in biological, chemical, geological or physical oceanography, or in other fields related to the study of oceans.
Progression to supervisory or higher level positions is possible with experience in this unit group.

🚫 排除职业 | Exclusions

以下职业不属于 NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家类别：

建筑和科学经理 (Architecture and science managers)
参见 20011 建筑和科学经理

生物学家和相关科学家 (Biologists and related scientists)
参见 21110 生物学家和相关科学家

化学家 (Chemists)
参见 21101 化学家

地质工程师 (Geological engineers)
参见 21331 地质工程师

自然资源生产和渔业经理 (Managers in natural resources production and fishing)
参见 80010 自然资源生产和渔业经理

物理学家和天文学家 (Physicists and astronomers)
参见 21100 物理学家和天文学家

📊 TEER 系统说明 | TEER Category System

NOC 21102 地球科学家和海洋学家对应 TEER 1 大学学位职业 (Occupations usually require a university degree)。

TEER (Training, Education, Experience and Responsibilities) 是 NOC 2021 引入的新分类系统，替代了旧版 NOC 2016 的技能水平分类 (Skill Level)。

🎯 TEER 1 - 大学学位职业特征

TEER 1 包括：

通常需要学士 (bachelor’s)、硕士 (master’s) 或博士学位 (doctorate)。

典型要求：

完成大学学士学位 (completion of a university bachelor’s degree)；或
完成数年的大学 (several years of university) 或大专 (college) 教育，并具备数年相关经验 (several years of experience)，以及特定的专业培训 (specific training)。

职位特点：

需要高水平的专业知识 (high level of specialized knowledge)。
复杂问题解决能力 (complex problem-solving skills)。
独立判断和决策 (independent judgment and decision-making)。

TEER 系统完整分类：

TEER 类别	说明	典型要求
TEER 1	管理职业	大学学位或大专+经验
TEER 1	大学学位职业	学士/硕士/博士学位
TEER 1	大专/学徒职业	2-3年大专文凭或学徒训练
TEER 1	中学后教育职业	2年以下大专或学徒训练
TEER 1	中学教育职业	高中文凭或数周在职培训
TEER 1	短期培训职业	短期工作示范或在职培训

微出国版权声明 | Copyright Notice

本内容基于 Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) NOC 2021 Version 1.0 和 Statistics Canada 官方数据整理，由微出国 (veryvisa.com) 编译制作。

数据来源 | Data Sources:

ESDC NOC 2021 Unit Group 21102: https://noc.esdc.gc.ca/Structure/NOCProfile?GocTemplateCulture=en-CA&code=21102&version=2021.0

NOC 2021 Introduction: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/subjects/standard/noc/2021/introduction

翻译模式 | Translation Mode: 基础模式 (Basic Mode) - 100% 忠实于官方数据，不包含联网搜索的薪资和就业推断信息。本文档仅翻译 JSON 原文字段，使用 emoji 美化和中英文对照增强可读性。