17周岁以下未成年人去加拿大留学需要提供监护人 - 飞出国
从 中小学留学, 加拿大未成年子女读书政策 Studying in Canada as a minor 说起：
飞出国：加拿大不同省份对未成年人年龄的定义不同，对达到 17 周岁的申请人，原则是可以不需要加拿大境内监护人的，对于年龄18周岁但还不满20周岁的，根据各省要求，移民官判断的标准包括：
- 学习的级别
- 独立的能力
- 财政能力
- 旅行记录
- 父母的情况
- 其他正式协议
- 学生所处环境
When a custodian is required
The term “custodianship” is more appropriate for the purposes of a study permit application than the legal term “guardianship”, as guardianship involves an individual being legally appointed to manage the affairs of an individual as opposed to being deemed to have custody of the student.
Section A39 states that a foreign national is inadmissible for financial reasons if they are or will be unable to support themselves. In the case of a minor child, officers must be satisfied that adequate arrangements are in place for the care and support of the child while in Canada.
Consult the standard custodianship declaration form (PDF, 1.02MB) for either the parent(s) or guardian(s), and the custodian.
A custodianship declaration is not required when the minor child is accompanied by at least one parent.
Mandatory custodianship requirement (under 17 years of age)
If an applicant is less than 17 years of age at the time of application, a custodian in Canada will continue to be required. The applicant must submit a notarized declaration signed by the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) in the country of origin, as well as one signed by the custodian in Canada, stating that arrangements have been made for the custodian to act in place of a parent. Officers must be satisfied that adequate arrangements are in place for the care and support of the minor student. The parent(s) or legal guardian(s), and the appointed custodian must acknowledge that the custodian will reside within a reasonable distance to the minor applicant’s intended residence and school. The custodianship declaration should include the information and signature of both parents, where applicable.
Discretionary custodianship requirement (17 to 18 or 19 years of age)
Applications from minors between 17 years of age and the applicable provincial or territorial age of majority at the time of application should be assessed on a case-by-case basis. In assessing whether the custodianship requirement should be applied, officers may exercise discretion in requesting additional documentation or an interview. Officers should be satisfied with respect to whether an applicant can provide care and support to themselves while in Canada.
Officers should consider factors such as the following:
- Level of study – the applicant’s intended level of academic study (those attending secondary school should normally require a custodian)
- Level of independence – the applicant’s current or past living arrangements and whether previous studies were completed away from their principal residence
- Financial capacity – the applicant’s financial self-sufficiency outside of parent(s) or guardian(s) (e.g., scholarship, government sponsorship)
- Travel experience – the applicant’s previous travel history, participation in international exchange programs, etc.
- Accessibility of the parent(s) or guardian(s) – the location of the applicant’s parent(s) or guardian(s) and their accessibility for institutions and medical centres to contact them in case of emergency situations
- Informal arrangements – whether arrangements (less formal than custodianship) have been made to provide support and care for the minor student
- Risk environment – the applicant’s safety and well-being in relation to risk indicators for irregular child migration and the potential for exploitation or trafficking
Caring for a minor child in Canada
The parents or legal guardians must prove the minor child will have the care and support they need during their stay in Canada. Minor children under the age of 17 must either:
- come with their parent or legal guardian or
- have a custodian in Canada
A custodian is a responsible adult, who is a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident, who will take care of and support the minor child. A custodian is optional for minors 17 years of age and older, but an officer can request one on a case-by-case basis.
How to appoint a custodian
To appoint a custodian, send us the Custodianship Declaration form (PDF, 1.02 MB) along with the minor child’s study permit application.
The two pages of the form look similar, but:
- the first page needs to be signed by the custodian and notarized (certified by a lawyer or notary) in Canada
- the second page needs to be signed by the parents or legal guardians of the minor child and notarized in their home country
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